Abaterankunga ba farumasi ni abababaye hamwe nabanyongera bakoreshwa mugukora imiti nibisobanuro, kandi nibice byingenzi byimyiteguro ya farumasi. Nkuko polymer isanzwe ikomokaho, ether ether niodegrame, ntabwo ari uburozi, kandi bihendutse, methroxypropyl methymethyl Methyl Methymethyl Methyl Methymethyl Methyl Methymethyl Methyl abababaye. Kugeza ubu, ibicuruzwa byimikorere myinshi yo murugo bikoreshwa cyane cyane murwego rwo hagati kandi hasi-hasi-yinyuma yinganda, kandi agaciro kongerewe ntabwo ari hejuru. Inganda zikeneye guhinduka no kuzamura kugirango zishyireho ibicuruzwa byo hejuru.
Ubushobozi bwisoko ryabababarira ba farumasi ni binini
Abavandimwe ba farumasi bafite uruhare runini mugutezimbere no gutanga umusaruro. Kurugero, mu myiteguro ihamye, ibikoresho bya polymer nka ether ya selile bikoreshwa nk'abantu ba farumasi mu gihe, Matrix harakomeje kwitegura, harakomeza gushira itegurwa ry'imiti, harakomeza gushira capsules, kandi birekura imiti ihamye. Imyiteguro n'imyiteguro irambye isohora ikoreshwa cyane. Muri iyi sisitemu, polymers nka firigo muri selile muri rusange ikoreshwa nkuwatwaje ibiyobyabwenge kugirango agenzure ibiyobyabwenge mu mubiri ku kigero mugihe runaka kugirango agere kuntego ifatika.
Dukurikije imibare ukomoka mu ishami ry'ubushakashatsi mu bushakashatsi bwa Zhiyan, hari ubwoko bw'abantu 500 bari bavugwa mu gihugu cyanjye, ariko ugereranije na Amerika (ubwoko burenga 1.500), ubwoko burenga 3.000 kandi ni buto. Ubushobozi bwiterambere bwisoko ni bunini. Byumvikane ko abantu icumi ba mbere ba farumasi mu bunini bw'isoko ry'igihugu cyanjye ari Falatin Capsules, Surosin, Shushanya, F.2-Propanelepropyl MethylcellAs, HPC, LECOCARSSTALIY, HPC.
Abaterankunga batandatu bamugaye ether
Ubusa na selile Njyanama nijambo rusange kugirango urukurikirane rwa selile rushingiye kuri selile zakozwe na selile ya selile ya alkali hamwe numukozi utondekanya mubihe bimwe. Nibicuruzwa amatsinda ya hydroxyl kuri tombolequeles macromolecules iri hagati cyangwa yasimbuwe rwose namatsinda ya ether. Abashiraho selile bakoreshwa cyane mubijyanye na peteroli, ibikoresho byubaka, amatara, ibiryo, imiti, n'imiti ya buri munsi. Mu murima utandukanye, ibicuruzwa-mu rwego rwa farumasi ni ahanini mu nzego zo hagati no hejuru-ndende z'inganda, zifite agaciro gahoro. Bitewe nibisabwa byuzuye, umusaruro wa farumasi-ether ether ether nayo iragoye. Birashobora kuvugwa ko ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa byimiti bya farumasi bishobora kwerekana agaciro ka tekiniki yubuhanga bwa selire. Ubumwe bwa Cellulose busanzwe bwongeweho nkumuguzi, ibikoresho bya Matrix na Thickener gukora ibinini bya matrix, ibikoresho byo gufunga byikimenyetso, haragurika ibikoresho bya microcapsule, harakomeza kwikuramo ibikoresho bya firime, nibindi.
Sodium carboxymethyl selile
Carboxymethyl sodium ya selile (cmc-na) ni ubugari bwa selile hamwe numusaruro munini no kunywa murugo no mumahanga. Ni selile ionic ether ether yakozwe mu ipamba n'ibiti binyuze muri alkalisation no gutahura aside ya chloroacetic. Cmc-na nigikoresho gikunze gukoreshwa imiti. Bikoreshwa kenshi nka bunder kubitegura bikomeye, urujijo-rwiyongera, kubyimba no guhagarika umukozi kugirango witegure amazi, kandi birashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byo gukosora amazi hamwe nibikoresho byo gukora firime. Bikoreshwa cyane nkibikoresho byaranshirwa-birekura ibiyobyabwenge kandi bikomeza-Kurekura tablet ya matrix muburyo burambye (bugenzurwa).
Usibye sodium carboxymethylcelllcellse nka porumacedient ya farumasi, sodium ya Croscarmellose nayo irashobora gukoreshwa nka farumasi yihangana. Sodium ya Croscarmellose (CCMC-NA) ni umusaruro w'amazi wa CarboxymethylcellSlCellSelcellCylcellselceselCellse yita ku bushyuhe runaka (40-80 ° munsi y'ibikorwa bya acide inorurganiki kandi byejejwe. Nkumukozi ucika, Propaylene Glycol, Anthydride ya Sucticique, Anhydride ya Maleic na Adipic irashobora gukoreshwa. Sodium ya Croscarmellose ikoreshwa nkugutandukanya ibinini, capsules na granules mu myiteguro yo mu kanwa. Yishingikiriza kuri capillary kandi ikabyimba ingaruka zinyuranye. Ifite imyumvire myiza nimbaraga zikomeye zo gusenyuka. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko urwego rwo kubyimba Sodium ya Croscarmellose mu mazi ruruta urw'ibice bisanzwe nko muri sodium yambuwe na Karmellose.
Methylcellse
Methyl selile (MC) ni selile idafite selile imwe ether ikozwe mupamba n'ibiti binyuze muri alkalisation hamwe na methyl chloride. Methycellse ifite amazi meza kandi arahamye murwego rwa PH2.0 ~ 13.0. Bikoreshwa cyane mubababayeho, kandi ikoreshwa mubisate bikabije, inshinge zidasanzwe, imyiteguro yo mu magambo, capsules yo mu kanwa, ibinini byo mu kanwa, imyiteguro yo mu kanwa. Byongeye kandi, mu myiteguro ihamye, MC irashobora gukoreshwa nka hydrophilic gel matrix harakomeje kwitegura, ibikoresho byo gufunga bibi, haragurika ibikoresho bya microcapsule, hazakurya ibikoresho bya kamere, nibindi.
HydroxyPropylmethylcellcellsellsellse
HydroxyPropyl MethylcellAlose (HPMC) ni selile itari ionic ivanze ether ikozwe mu ipamba n'ibiti binyuze muri alkalide, proplone okiside. Nibintu bidasanzwe, bidafite uburyohe, bidafite uburozi, gushonga mumazi akonje hanyuma ugafata amavuta mumazi ashyushye. HydroxyPropyl Methylcellse ni umuyoboro wa selile uvanze ether umusaruro, igipimo nubwiza byagaragaye vuba mubushinwa mumyaka 15 ishize. Numwe mubakuru ba farumasi cyane murugo no mumahanga. imyaka yamateka. Kugeza ubu, ikoreshwa rya HPMC rigaragarira ahanini mu ngingo eshanu zikurikira:
Imwe ni nk'abinde kandi ikanyura. Nka binder, HPMC irashobora gutuma ibiyobyabwenge byoroshye bitose, kandi birashobora kwagura inshuro amagana nyuma yo gukuramo amazi, bityo birashobora kunoza cyane igipimo cyimiterere cyangwa igipimo cyo kurekura tablet. HPMC ifite ubushyuhe bukomeye, bushobora kuzamura urujijo no kunoza ibikoresho fatizo hamwe na crisp cyangwa imiterere. HPMC ifite ubushyuhe buke burashobora gukoreshwa nka bunder no gusenyuka, hamwe nabafite ubushishozi bwo hejuru barashobora gukoreshwa gusa nka bunder.
Iya kabiri ni nk'ibikoresho byarangwa kandi bigenzurwa no kwitegura mu kanwa. HPMC nigikoresho gikunze gukoreshwa hydrogel matrix yimyiteguro irambye. Icyiciro gito (5-50MPA · s) kirashobora gukoreshwa nka Binder, Viscosifier no Guhagarika Intumwa, hamwe nicyiciro cya Gel (4000-100000Nic HPMC irashonje amazi ya Gastrointestinal, ifite ibyiza byo kwiyumvisha neza, amazi meza, ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gupima ibiyobyabwenge, no kurekura ibiyobyabwenge bitatewe na PH. Nibintu byingenzi byingenzi bya hydrophilique muri sisitemu yo kwitegura neza kandi akenshi ikoreshwa nka hydrophilic per matrix hamwe nibikoresho byo gukorerwa amahitamo akomeye, kimwe nibikoresho byabafasha kugirango bikureho gastric bireremba kandi birekure imyiteguro y'ibiyobyabwenge.
Iya gatatu ni nkumukozi wa firime. HPMC ifite imiterere-yimiterere ya firime. Filime yakozwe na ni imwe imwe, irasobanutse kandi ikomeye, kandi ntibyoroshye gufata neza mu musaruro. Cyane cyane kubiyobyabwenge byoroshye gukuramo ubushuhe kandi ntibihungabana, kubikoresha nkurwego rwo kwigunga rushobora kuzamura cyane ibiyobyabwenge kandi bikabuza firime ihindura ibara. HPMC ifite ibisobanuro bitandukanye bya stacosity. Niba byatoranijwe neza, ubuziranenge no kugaragara bwibinini byanditse biruta ibindi bikoresho. Imyitozo isanzwe ikoreshwa ni 2% kugeza 10%.
Icya kane ni nkibikoresho bya capsule. Mu myaka yashize, hamwe no gutontoma kenshi z'ibyorezo byinyamaswa kwisi yose, ugereranije na Gelatin Capsules, capsules yimboga zabaye umukunzi mushya winganda. Pfizer ya Amerika yakuyeho HPMC yavuye mu bimera bya kamere kandi yateguye VCAPTM imboga y'imboga. Ugereranije na Gelatin Hollow Capsules, Capsules y'ibimera ifite ibyiza byo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, nta kamaro ko guhuriza hamwe no gutuza cyane. Igipimo cyo kurekura ibiyobyabwenge ni gihamye, kandi itandukaniro rya buri muntu ni rito. Nyuma yo gusenyuka mumubiri wumuntu, ntabwo byinjizwa kandi birashobora gusohokamo ibintu bitandukanijwe numubiri. Mu rwego rwo kubika, nyuma y'ibizamini byinshi, ntibitontoma mu bihe bike, kandi imitungo ya capsule ibishishwa bikabije, kandi ibipimo bya capsule yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, kandi ibipimo bya capsules byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Hamwe no gusobanukirwa nabantu ba Capsules y'ibimera no guhindura imyumvire yubuvuzi rusange murugo no mumahanga, ibyifuzo bya capsules ibihingwa bizakura vuba.
Gatanu ni nk'umukozi uhagarika. Guhagarika-Ubwoko bwo Kwitegura Amazi nigikoresho gikunze gukoreshwa dosiye Guhagarara kuri sisitemu bigena ubwiza bwimyiteguro yimyiteguro yamazi. Umuti wa Colloidal urashobora kugabanya impagarara zikomeye-zidafite ishingiro, kugabanya imbaraga zubusa zingingo zikomeye, kandi zigabanya uburyo bwo gutanika hitera inkunga. Ni umukozi winda cyane. HPMC ikoreshwa nkuwijimye kumato yijisho, hamwe nibirimo 0.45% kuri 1.0%.
Hydroxypropyl selile
HydroxyPropyl Cellulose (HPC) ni selile itari ionic ingaragu ether ikozwe mu ipamba n'ibiti binyuze muri alkalisation hamwe na proplene. HPC isanzwe ishonje mumazi munsi ya 40 ° C hamwe numubare munini wa polar, kandi imikorere yayo ijyanye nibikubiyemo mumatsinda ya hydroxyProppoyle nurwego rwa polyériproppoyle nurugero rwamatsinda. HPC irashobora guhuza nibiyobyabwenge bitandukanye kandi ifite inertia nziza.
HydroxyPropyll selile ya selile (L-HPC) ikoreshwa cyane nka tablet atandukana na binder. -HPC irashobora gutera imbere gukomera no kumurika ka tablet, kandi irashobora kandi gukora tablet isenyuka vuba, kuzamura ubwiza bwimbere bwa tablet, no kunoza ingaruka zo gukiza.
Kumenyekana cyane hydroxypropyl selile ya selile (H-HPC) irashobora gukoreshwa nkainder kubinini bya tableti, granules, hamwe na granules nziza mumibare ya farumasi. H-HPC ifite imiterere myiza ya firime, kandi firime yabonetse irakomeye kandi iragereranywa nishishishwa. Imikorere ya filime irashobora gukomeza kubazwa no kuvanga nabandi bakozi bashinzwe kurwanya ubushuhe, kandi akenshi bikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo guhinga bya firime kubinini. H-HPC irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkibikoresho bya matrix kugirango utegure matrix harakaye-kurekura ibisate, bikureho-kurekura pellet hamwe niminsi ibiri ikureho ibisate.
Hydroxyyeryl selile
Hydroxyyeryl selile (hec) ni selile itari ionic ingaragu ether ikozwe mu ipamba n'ibiti binyuze muri alkalisation no guhinduranya okiside okiside ya Ethyne. Mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi, HEC ikoreshwa cyane nk'uburebure, umukozi wa Colloidal, acomera, ucamo ibice, ibitonyanga by'ijisho, ibitonyanga by'ijisho, tablet y'ijisho, capsule n'ubundi buryo bwo gutanga dosiye. HydroxyAythyl Selile yanditswe muri Pharmacopoeia yo muri Amerika / Abamerika hamwe na Farumaniya y'Uburayi, n'ibindi.
Ethyl selile
Ethyl selile (EC) nimwe mubintu byakoreshejwe mumazi-bidahwitse. EC ntabwo ari uburozi, ihamye, idahujwe mumazi, acide cyangwa igisubizo cya alkali, no gushonga mubiti byamarika nka ethanol na methanol. Mubisanzwe byakoreshejwe poliven ni Toluene / Ethanol nka 1/1 (uburemere) bivanze na solive. EC ifite ibyinshi mu myiteguro ihamye-irekuye, ikoreshwa cyane nk'abatwara imishinga, hamwe n'ibikoresho byo gushinga filime, bikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho bivanze, bikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho bivanze, bikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho bivanze, bikoreshwa nka firime y'ibikoresho bya matrix, bikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho bya matrix, bikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho bya matrix, bikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho bya matrix, bikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho bya matrix, bikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho bya matrix, bikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho bya matrix, bikoreshwa nk'ibikoresho bya matrix. ibikoresho byabafasha kugirango bitegure microcapsules irambye-kurekura; Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa cyane nkibikoresho byitwara kugirango itegure ibice bikomeye; Byakoreshejwe cyane mubukoranabuhanga bwa farumasi nkikintu gikora firime hamwe no gukingira firime, kimwe na binder nuyuzuza. Nkumupfumu urinda tablet, birashobora kugabanya kumva neza tablet kubushuhe no kubuza ibiyobyabwenge bigira ingaruka kubushuhe, kubangamira no kwangirika; Irashobora kandi gushiraho buhoro buhoro gel layer, microenCaptiuse polymer, kandi itume irekurwa rirambye ryingaruka zibiyobyabwenge.
Kuraho porogaramu zitoroshye hamwe no guhinduka no kuzamura
Muri make, sodium-sodium ya sodium carboxymethyl, Methyl selile ya selile, hydroxyPropy na bunders, gusebanya, gusenyuka no kugenzurwa ibikoresho byo kurekura umunwa, Guhuza ibikoresho byo gushinga filimi, ibikoresho bya Capsule no guhagarika abakozi. Kureba isi, amasosiyete menshi yo mu rwego rwo mu bihugu by'amahanga (Shin-etsu Ubuyapani, Dodw Wolfe na Ashland Crowvon) bahuye n'isoko rinini rya farumasi mu Bushinwa, haba mu buryo bwo kwiyongera mu Bushinwa, haba mu buryo bwiyongera cyangwa guhuza umusaruro cyangwa byongereye imbaraga muri uyu murima. gusaba ibyiciro imbere. DOw walfe yatangaje ko bizashimangira ibitekerezo byayo kubyerekeranye, ibigize kandi bisabwa isoko ry'imiti y'imiti y'Ubushinwa, kandi ubushakashatsi bwakoreshwa kandi buzaharanira kandi kwegera isoko. Dow chelf onlff digisi ya selile hamwe na societe yamabara ya Reta zunzubumwe zamerika zashyizeho ubufatanye bwisi yose, ibigo 600 byashyizwe mubikorwa byubushakashatsi bakorera abakiriya mubihugu bigera kuri 160. Ashland afite ibibase byatanzwe muri Beijing, Tiajin, Shanghai, Nanjing, Kunshan na JiAghan na Nanjing.
Nk'uko imibare yaturutse kurubuga rwubushinwa bwishyirahamwe rya Cellulose, muri 2017, umusaruro wo murugo wahoze ari TOLLESE wari toni 373.000, kandi umubumbe wo kugurisha wari toni 360.000. Muri 2017, ingano yo kugurisha ya Ioonic CMC 234,000, ubwiyongere bwa 18.61%. Usibye HPMC (kubaka ibikoresho byo kubaka), ibicuruzwa bidafite ionic, HPMC (HPMC amanota ya farumasi), HPMC (amanota y'ibiryo), HPC, EMC, umusaruro no gutanga umusaruro wakomeje kwiyongera. Imbere ya Cellulose murugo yakuze vuba cyane mumyaka irenga icumi, kandi umusaruro wacyo wabaye uwambere kwisi. Ariko, ibicuruzwa byamasosiyete menshi ya selile bikoreshwa ahanini mugice cyo hagati no hasi-gito cyinganda, kandi agaciro kongerewe ntabwo ari hejuru.
Kugeza ubu, imishinga myinshi yo mu ngo igororotse mu ngo ziri mu gihe gikomeye cyo guhindura no kuzamura. Bagomba gukomeza kongera ibikorwa byubushakashatsi nibikorwa byiterambere, bikomeza gukungahaza ubwoko bwubushinwa, gukoresha neza isoko manini yisi, no kongera imbaraga zo kwihitiramo amasoko no kuzamuka hagati yinganda, kandi kugera ku iterambere ry'icyatsi.
Igihe cya nyuma: Jun-15-2023