Ubudotu bwa seliki ni iki?

Ubudotu bwa selile ni uruganda rwa polymer hamwe nimiterere ya ether ikozwe muri selile. Buri tsinda rya Glucosyl muri kaburimbo rya Macronolecule itatu ririmo amatsinda atatu ya hydroxyl, itsinda ryambere rya Hydroxyl Atome ya Karubone rya Karubone, kandi hydroxxyl atome ya karubone ya kabiri na gatatu, kandi hydrorixyl ya karubone ya kabiri na gatatu, kandi hydrorixyl ya karubone ya kabiri, kandi hydrorixyl ya karubone ya kabiri na gatatu, kandi hydrorignl ya karubone ya kabiri na gatatu, kandi hydrorignl ya karubone ya kabiri, kandi hydrorixyl ya karubone ya kabiri na gatatu. Nibicuruzwa Hydrogen yitsinda rya hydroxyl muri polymer ya selile isimburwa nitsinda rya hydrocarbon. Cellulose ni Polyhydroxy Colymer yuzuyemo ko atagusenya cyangwa ngo ashongeshe. Nyuma yo gutora, selile irashonga mumazi, shyiramo igisubizo cya alkali na organic olvent, kandi bifite thermoplastity.

Cellulose ni Polyhydroxy Colymer yuzuyemo ko atagusenya cyangwa ngo ashongeshe. Nyuma yo gutora, selile irashonga mumazi, shyiramo igisubizo cya alkali na organic olvent, kandi bifite thermoplastity.

1.Nature:

Kudakemurwa kwa selile nyuma yo guhindura impinduka cyane. Irashobora gushonga mumazi, aside itandukanye, dilute alkali cyangwa ibinyabuzima. Kudakemura ahanini biterwa nibintu bitatu: (1) Ibiranga amatsinda byatangijwe muburyo bunini, amatsinda yoroheje, kandi akomeye polaritique yitsinda ryatangijwe, niko ether ether ni ugushonga mumazi; (2) Urwego rwo gusimbuza no kugabura amatsinda ashimishijwe muri Macromolecule. Abakoresha benshi ba selile barashobora gushonga gusa mumazi munsi yurwego runaka rwo gusimburwa, kandi urwego rwo gusimburwa ni hagati ya 0 na 3; . Urwego rwo hasi rwo gusimburwa rushobora gushonga mumazi, intera yagutse. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwabatanze selile bafite imikorere myiza, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mu kubaka, sima, peteroli, ibiryo, amarangi, imiti, ibice bya elegitoroniki n'izindi nganda.

2. Gutezimbere:

Ubushinwa nicyo cyuzuye ku isi kandi umuguzi wa selile ether, hamwe nigipimo cyimico yumwaka kirenga 20%. Nk'uko imibare ibanza, hari ibigo bya filime bigera kuri 50 mu Bushinwa, ubushobozi bwateguwe bwa churlose bwarenze toni 400.000, kandi hari imishinga ibiri ifite toni zirenga 1000, cyane cyane muri Shandong, cyane cyane muri Shandong na Jiangsu. , Zhejiang, Shanghai n'ahandi.

3. Ikeneye:

Muri 2011, ubushobozi bwa CMC cy'Ubushinwa bwari toni 300.000. Hamwe no gukurura ibintu byiza cyane bya selile nkimiti, ibiryo, n'imiti ya buri munsi, ibyifuzo byimbere mubindi bituba byakabukuru bitari cmc biriyongera. , ubushobozi bwo gutanga umusaruro wa MC / HPMC ni toni 120.000, kandi i Shec ifite toni zigera ku 20.000. PAC iracyari mugutezimbere no gusaba icyiciro mubushinwa. Hamwe n'iterambere ry'imirima minini ya peteroli no guteza imbere ibikoresho byo kubaka, ibiryo, imiti n'izindi nganda, umubare wa PAC uriyongera kandi wagure umwaka umwe, ufite ubushobozi burenga 10,000.

4. Ibyiciro:

Dukurikije imiterere yimiti ishyirwa mu bikorwa abasimbuye, barashobora kugabanywamo muri ainic, bation na batasini. Ukurikije umukozi wabuze yakoreshejwe, hari Methilesethyl Methymethyl Methyll Methyl Methyl Methyl Methyl Meleulose, Benzyl Cyakayi Hydroxyyeryl selile na phenyl selile, nibindi. Methyl selile na Ethyl selile birafatika.

Methycellsellse:

Ipamba itunganijwe ifitanye isano na Alkali, ether ether yakozwe binyuze mu buryo butandukanye bwo kubyitwaramo na chloride ya methane nkabakozi bahorera. Mubisanzwe, urwego rwo gusimburwa ni 1.6 ~ 2.0, kandi kwikebana nabyo bitandukanye nuburyo butandukanye bwo gusimburwa. Ni iya Not-ionic selile.

. Igisubizo cyacyo gihamye cyane murwego rwa PH = 3 ~ 12. Ifite neza hamwe nigitako, Guar gum, nibindi nibindi byinshi. Iyo ubushyuhe bugera ku bushyuhe bwa gelale, pelation ibaho.

. Mubisanzwe, niba amafaranga yongeyeho ari manini, igorofa ni nto, kandi viscometity nini, igipimo cyo kugumana amazi ni kinini. Muri bo, ingano yo kongenge ifite ingaruka zikomeye ku gipimo cyo kugumana amazi, kandi urwego rwa vicosity ntabwo ruringaniye mu rwego rwo kugabana amazi. Igipimo cyo gusebanya cyane cyane giterwa nurwego rwo guhindura hejuru yubuso bwa selire hamwe nibyiza. Muri erebire yavuzwe haruguru, Methyl selile na hydroxypropyl methyl Methyl ifite ibiciro byamazi menshi.

(3) Guhindura ubushyuhe birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku kugumana amazi ya methyl selile. Mubisanzwe, hejuru yubushyuhe, ihohoterwa rikabije. Niba ubushyuhe bwa minisiteri burenze 40 ° C, ugumana amazi ya methyl selile bizagabanuka cyane, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubakwa kuri minisiteri.

. "Kuvugisha" bivuga imbaraga zo guhungabana zumvaga hagati y'ibikoresho by'umukozi n'urukuta, ni ukuvuga ko kurwanya minisiteri. Kubungabunga ni byinshi, kurwanya imisiteri ari nini, kandi imbaraga zisabwa n'abakozi mu buryo bwo gukoresha nacyo ni kinini, kandi imikorere y'ubwubatsi ya minisiteri irakennye. Ubumwe bwa Methyl selile iri kurwego ruciriritse mubicuruzwa bya selile.

HydroxyPropylmethylcellcellcellse:

HydroxyPropyl Methylcellse nubu bwoko bwa selile birasohoka no kurya biriyongera vuba. Nibintu bitari uonic bivanze ether bikozwe mu ipamba inoze nyuma ya alkaliation, ukoresheje ibyatsi bya proplene na methyl chloride nkabakozi bashya, binyuze mu ruhererekane. Urwego rwo gusimbuza ni 1.2 ~ 2.0. Imitungo yayo iratandukanye bitewe na memoti yibirimo kuri hydroxyProppopyle.

. Ariko ubushyuhe bwa pelale mumazi ashyushye burenze ivya methyl selile. Kudakemura mumazi akonje nabyo birateye imbere cyane ugereranije na methyl selile.

. Ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka kandi ku rubyiruko, uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera, vicosity igabanuka. Ariko, ingaruka za viscosity, ubushyuhe buri munsi ya methyl selile. Igisubizo cyacyo kirahagaze mugihe kibitswe mubushyuhe bwicyumba.

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. Amazi ya Caustic Soda na Lime ntacyo afite ku mikorere yacyo, ariko alkali irashobora kwihutisha iseswa ryayo kandi ryongerera ubuyobe. HydroxyPropyl Methylcellse irahamye muminyuhuri isanzwe, ariko iyo kwibanda ku gisubizo cyumunyu hejuru, viscogity ya hydroxyPropyl methylcellse igisubizo gikunda kwiyongera.

. Nka Polyvinyl Inzoga, ibikatsi bya Ether, gum yimboga, nibindi

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HydroxyAythyl Cellulose:

Ikozwe muri pamba yatunganijwe yavuwe na Alkali, kandi yifatanije na Ethylene okiside ya Ethyne nkumukozi wa hantu hataha imbere ya ISOPROPOL. Impamyabumenyi yacyo muri rusange 1.5 ~ 2.0. Ifite hydrofilire ikomeye kandi biroroshye gukuramo ubushuhe.

(1) Hydroxyyethyll selile irashonje mumazi akonje, ariko biragoye gusesa mumazi ashyushye. Igisubizo cyacyo kirahamye ku bushyuhe burebure nta na umwelle. Irashobora gukoreshwa igihe kirekire munsi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru muri minisiteri, ariko kugumana amazi biri hasi kurenza ibya methyl selile.

. Gutagira nabi mumazi birababaje gato kurenza ibya Methyl Celllease na HydroxyPropyl Methyl Cellulose.

(3) Hydroxyyethyl selile ifite imikorere myiza yo kurwanya minisiteri, ariko ifite igihe kirekire cyo kuditana.

(4) imikorere yahydroxyyeryl selileByakozwe nibigo bimwe na bimwe byo murugo biragaragara ko biri munsi yubwa methyl selile byatewe nibirimo byamazi menshi nibirimo byinshi.

. Ku bushyuhe bugera kuri 40 ° C, Lowew irashobora kubaho mugihe cyiminsi 3 kugeza 5, bizagira ingaruka kumikorere yayo.

Carboxymethyl TOLLECOULOSE:

Ubusho bugufi bwa Lonili bukozwe muri fibre karemano (ipamba, nibindi) nyuma yo kuvura alkali, ukoresheje sodium monochlorotate nkabakozi bashya, kandi barimo kuvura urukurikirane. Urwego rwo gusimbuza ni 0.4 ~ 1.4, kandi imikorere yacyo igira ingaruka kurwego rwo gusimburwa.

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. Iyo ubushyuhe burenze 50 ° C, viscosity ntasubirwaho.

(3) Guhagarara kwayo byatewe cyane na PH. Mubisanzwe, irashobora gukoreshwa muri minisiteri ishingiye ku nshinge, ariko ntabwo muri minisiteri ishingiye kuri sima. Iyo alkaline nyinshi, izabura vicosity.

(4) Kugumana amazi biri munsi ya methyl selile. Ifite ingaruka zidindiza kuri minisiteri ishingiye kuri Gypsum kandi igabanya imbaraga. Ariko, igiciro cya carboxymethyl selile irari munsi cyane kurenza iya methyl selile.

Cellulose Alkyl Ether:

Abahagarariye ni methyl selile na Ethyl selile. Mubikorwa byinganda, chloride ya methyl cyangwa ethyl chloride isanzwe ikoreshwa nkumukozi wabuze, kandi reaction ni izi zikurikira:

Muri formula, r ahagarariye ch3 cyangwa c2h5. Kwibanda kuri Alkali ntibigira ingaruka gusa kurwego rworoshye, ariko nanone bigira ingaruka kubikoresha Alkyl Halides. Hafi ya Alkali Yibanda, Akomeye Hydrolysis ya Alkyl Halide. Kugirango ugabanye kunywa umukozi uhangayitse, kwibanda kuri Alkali bigomba kwiyongera. Ariko, iyo kwibanda kuri Alkali ari hejuru cyane, ingaruka za selile ziragabanuka, zidafasha kubyitwaramo ibintu, kandi urwego rwo guhindura rero rugabanuka. Kubwiyi ntego, yibanze kuri Lye cyangwa Lye ikomeye birashobora kongerwaho mugihe cyimyitwarire. Reaction igomba kugira igikoresho cyiza kandi cyo gutanyagura kugirango alkali ishobora kugabanywa cyane. Methyl selile ikoreshwa cyane nka Thickener, Adhesive kandi ikingira Colloid nibindi birashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byatinze, kandi bikoreshwa mu biyobyabwenge, kandi bikoreshwa mu biyobyabwenge, mu gucapa kw'ibiyobyabwenge, umusaruro w'ubuvuzi, kandi uvanze muri sima yakoreshejwe kugenzura Gushiraho umwanya no kongera imbaraga zambere, nibindi. Ububiko bwa selile Ubudodo buke bwa selilel selile irashonganye mumazi na dilute alkaline ibisubizo, nibicuruzwa byasimbuwe birashonga cyane mubintu byiza cyane. Ifite neza hamwe nibice bitandukanye na plastistizers. Irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora plastiki, firime, zirangira, impimbano, ibikoresho bya lapisx nibikoresho byimpinduka zamatsinda yavuzwe haruguru bikaba byanze bikunze biratandukanye na kamere no kugereranya alkyl kumatsinda ya hydroxyalkyl.

Ubugari bwa Cellroxyalkl ether:

Abahagarariye ni hydroxyyerthyl selile na hydroxyPropyl selile. Abakozi bakurikiraho ni epoxides nka royoyne okiside hamwe na propaylene okiside. Koresha aside cyangwa shingiro nka catalyst. Umusaruro w'inganda nukwitwara selile ya alkali hamwe numukozi wabuze: HydroxyEthyl selile selile hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi zo gusimbuza amazi akonje namazi ashyushye. HydroxyPropyl selile hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi zo gusimbuza ni ugushonga gusa mumazi akonje ariko atari mumazi ashyushye. HydroxyAythyl selile irashobora gukoreshwa nk'ubuhunzi bwa peatings, gucapa imyenda no gusiga irangi, ibikoresho bingana n'ibikoresho, ihimbaza no kurinda inkoni. Gukoresha hydroxyPropyl selile irasa niya hydroxyyethyl selile. HydroxyPropyl Cellulose hamwe nagaciro gake cyane birashobora gukoreshwa nka farumasi ya farumasi, ishobora kugira byombi bihuza kandi bigasenyuka.

Carboxymethyl selile, imva mycreviation CMC, muri rusange ibaho muburyo bwa sodium umunyu. Umukozi ukurikiraho ni aside monochlorocetic, kandi reaction ni izi zikurikira:

Carboxymethyl selile nizo zakoreshejwe mumazi menshi-gusoza filile. Mubihe byashize, byakoreshejwe cyane cyane nko gucukura icyondo, ariko ubu byaraguwe kugirango bikoreshwe no kongeramo ibicuruzwa, amarangi ya latexymethyl arashobora gukoreshwa mu biryo, ubuvuzi, no kwisiga, nanone kwisiga, ndetse no kumeza ceramic nibikorwa.

Polyinic TOLLULOSE (PAC) ni uonic iolic ether kandi ni ibicuruzwa bisoza birebiye bya carboxymethyl selile (cmc). Ni ifu yera, iri kuri off cyangwa ifu yumuhondo cyangwa uburozi, uburyohe, byoroshye gushonga mumazi kugirango akore ikirego gihamye no kurwanya umunyu mwiza, hamwe nimitungo ikomeye. Nta muco wawe no kwangirika. Ifite ibiranga ubuziranenge buhanitse, urwego rwo hejuru rwo gusimbuza, no gukwirakwiza imyenda imwe. Irashobora gukoreshwa nka Binder, Thickener, Imyitwarire ya Rheologiya, Ikigo cyo Guhagarika Amazi, Ibitya Polyanionic (PALS

Cyanoethyl Cellulose nicyo gisubizo cya selile ya selile na acrylonike munsi ya kajuguli ya alkali.

Cyanoethyl Cellulose afite indyo yuzuye ihoraho kandi yo gutakaza hasi kandi irashobora gukoreshwa nka matrix ya resin kuri fosifore na electrouminescent. Kanoethyl yasimbuwe hasi ya kallulose irashobora gukoreshwa nkimpapuro zibuza guhindurwa.

Abatanga amavuta menshi babyibushye, ba Alkenyl, kandi inzoga zanduye za selile zateguwe, ariko ntizikoreshwa mubikorwa.

Uburyo bwo kwitegura bwa selile burashobora kugabanywamo uburyo bwo hagati bwamazi, uburyo bwo gucika intege, uburyo bwo guteka, uburyo bworoshye, uburyo bukomeye, uburyo bwihariye bwa gaze no guhuza uburyo bwavuzwe haruguru.

Ihame rya 5.Peration:

Umudozi muremure α - selile yashizwemo igisubizo cya alkaline kugirango ubyimbe kugirango usenye hydrogen nyinshi, byorohereze kuri selile ya alkali, hanyuma ikagira umukozi wa alkali kugirango abone selile. Ibitekerezo bifatika birimo hydrocarbone, cyangwa ibisimba), epoxide, na α na β na β hamwe nibice bidashimishije na electron.

6.Basic imikorere:

Igikoresho kigira uruhare runini mugutezimbere imikorere yo kubaka minisiteri yumye, kandi ibarirwa muri 40% yikiguzi cya minisiteri yumye. Igice kinini cyigikoresho cyisoko ryimbere mu gihugu gitangwa nabashinzwe kubanyamahanga, kandi dosiye yerekana ibicuruzwa nayo itangwa nuwabitanze. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibiciro byo kuvangwamo ibicuruzwa byumye biguma hejuru, kandi biragoye kumenyekanisha Maller bisanzwe kandi bya plastant mirijanti ifite amafaranga menshi kandi ari intera nini. Ibicuruzwa byisoko ryimisozi bigenzurwa namasosiyete, kandi abakora minisiteri bavanze ba mirtar bafite inyungu nke kandi zigabanijwe; Gushyira mubikorwa ibintu bibuze ubushakashatsi buringaniye kandi bugenewe, no gukurikiza buhumyi amahanga.

Amazi agumana umukozi ni afmixtion yingenzi kugirango iteze imbere imikorere y'amazi ya minisiteri yumye, kandi nimwe mu bikoresho byingenzi kugirango umenye ikiguzi cyibikoresho byumye. Imikorere nyamukuru yaselile etherni ifungwa ry'amazi.

Uburenganzira bwa Cellulose ni ijambo rusange ryo gukurikiranwa n'ibicuruzwa byakozwe na reaction ya selile ya alkali n'umukozi ukurikiraho mu bihe bimwe na bimwe. Cellulose ya Alkali isimburwa nimpamvu zitandukanye zifatika zo kubona abahanga ba seliki zitandukanye. Nk'uko byatangajwe n'imiterere ya ionisation y'abasimbuye, abakoresha kwa Cellulose barashobora kugabanywa mu byiciro bibiri: ionic (nka carboxymethyl selile selile) na nothyl selile ya selile). According to the type of substituent, cellulose ether can be divided into monoether (such as methyl cellulose) and mixed ether (such as hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose). Ukurikije ibyoroheje byoroheje, birashobora kugabanywamo ibibazo byamazi (nka hydroxyithyll. Mortar yumye-ivanze cyane cyane ikurwaho amazi, hamwe na selile ihujwe namazi yagabanijwemo ubwoko bwihuse no kuvugwa hejuru-gusebanya.

Uburyo bw'ibikorwa bya selile ether muri minisiteri niyi ikurikira:

. n'ubworoherane bwo kubaka.

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