Ubwoko nubu buryo bwihuse bwamabara ashingiye ku mazi

1. Ubwoko bwa Trickeens na Mechaning Mechanism

(1) unoristanic winyoni:
Inoricre zidasanzwe muri sisitemu ishingiye ku mazi ari ingenzi cyane. Nka: bentonite. ISIM NA DIOTOMACECE (Ibigize Byingenzi ni Sio2, bifite imiterere mibi) rimwe na rimwe bikoreshwa nka sisitemu y'abafasha kuri sisitemu yo kwishyuza. Bentonite ikoreshwa cyane kubera amazi menshi-meza. Bentonite (Bentonite), azwi kandi nka Bentonite, Bentoni, Amabuye y'agaciro ya Bentonilique akubiyemo amabuye y'agaciro ya Alkali, (Na, ca) (al, mg) 6 (SI4O10) 3 (OH) 6 • NH2O. Imikorere yo kwaguka kwa Bentonite igaragazwa nubushobozi bwo kwaguka, ni ukuvuga amajwi ya Bentoni, kubyimba mu gisubizo cya dilute ya dilute acide cyitwa kwaguka, kigaragazwa muri ML / Gram. After the bentonite thickener absorbs water and swells, the volume can reach several times or ten times that before absorbing water, so it has good suspension, and because it is a powder with a finer particle size, it is different from other powders in the coating system. Umubiri ufite nabi. Byongeye kandi, mugihe cyo gukora ihagarikwa, birashobora gutwara izindi mfu kugirango utange ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zo kurwanya zidasanzwe, niko nibyiza cyane kunoza ububiko bwa sisitemu.

Ariko Bentoni, ishingiye kuri sodite ishingiye kuri bottome yahinduwe kuva Calcium ishingiye kuri Calcite binyuze muri sodium ihinduka. Mugihe kimwe cya Sodiumiosation, umubare munini wibintu byiza nka calcium ion na sodium ions izakorwa. Niba ibikubiye muri ibyo byiciro muri sisitemu ari hejuru cyane, umubare munini wo kutabogama bizakorwa ku mafaranga mabi ku buso bwa Emulion, ku buryo runaka, birashobora gutera ingaruka mbi no kubyimba no kwinuba. Kurundi ruhande, iyi calcium ion nayo izagira ingaruka mbi kumunyu wa sodium ikwirakwiza (cyangwa polyphoshate itandukana muri sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza, amaherezo igatera igihoro cyo gutatanya, amaherezo ikajya kwibeshya, kwinuba cyangwa no kubyimba. Imvura ikabije kandi yuzuye. Byongeye kandi, ingaruka zijimye zo kuba intonati cyane zishingiye ku ifu kugirango uhitemo amazi kandi wagure ingaruka zikomeye kuri sisitemu yo gusiga, niko bidakwiye gukora ibintu byiza. Kubwibyo, abariba bonornic idasanzwe ntibakoreshwa gake mumashusho ya latex, kandi umubare muto gusa ukoreshwa nkabari mumwanya muto wa latex cyangwa watinze. Ariko, mumyaka yashize, amakuru amwe yerekanye ko HemmmIngs 'Bentone®lt. Muburyo bwahinduwe kandi bunonosoye bufite ingaruka nziza yo kurwanya imyanda no kwimenyekanisha iyo ushyizwe kuri sisitemu ya latex idafite umwuka.

(2) Cellulose:
Cellulose ni polymer karemano yashizweho na condenstation ya β-glucose. Gukoresha ibiranga itsinda rya hydroxyl mu mpeta ya glucosyl, selile irashobora kunyuramo ibintu bitandukanye kugirango itange urukurikirane rwibikomokaho. Muri bo, habonetse ibitekerezo byo gukomera no guhindura. Ubugari bwa seliki cyangwa selile bahanganye nibibazo byingenzi bya selile. Commonly used products are carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and so on. Kuberako Carboxymethyl selile ikubiyemo sodium ions zirimo guhangana namazi, hamwe numubare wabasimbuzi kumuti wanyuma, bityo bikaba bike cyane, birakoreshwa muburyo bworoshye, muri rusange bikoreshwa mu manota yo hasi polyvinyl inzoga irangi no gukoro. Igipimo cyo kuvugwa amazi ya methylcellse muri rusange kiri munsi yubwa hydrogisitheryishye. Byongeye kandi, hashobora kubaho ikibazo gito cyibibazo mugihe cyibikorwa byo gutuka, bizagira ingaruka kumiterere no kumva firime yo kurohama, bityo rero ni gake ikoreshwa mu irangi rya latex. Ariko, impagarara z'ubuso bwa methyl igisubizo kirarenze gato kurenza iyindi selile ya selile iratangaje, niko ni ubugari bwiza bwa selile yakoresheje mugukora. HydroxyPropyl Methylcellse ni na selile yakoreshejwe cyane mu murima w'abashonga, none ikoreshwa cyane muri sima ishingiye ku bashimwe cyangwa lime-calciic (cyangwa izindi ngoro zidasanzwe). Hydroxyyeryl selile irakoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu yo gusiga irangi kubera ko yakunguye amazi n'amazi. Ugereranije nundi selile, ntabwo ifite ingaruka nke kumikorere ya firime. Ibyiza bya HydroxyIthyl Velitura birimo imikorere yo hejuru, guhuza neza, gushikama neza, kandi ph nziza ya virusire. Ibibi ninganiza amazi mabi no kurwanya amacakubiri. Mu rwego rwo kunoza izi ngingo, guhindura hydrophobike byagaragaye. Hydroxyyerthylceellylcellsells (HEC) nka NatrosLplus330, 331

(3) Polycarboxylates:
Muri iyi kazoloaxylate, uburemere bwiburebure bwa molekilar nibyimbye, kandi uburemere buke bwa molecular ni ubusa. Ahanini na Adsorb Molekile mu ruhererekane nyamukuru rwa sisitemu, yongera victoity yicyiciro cyatatanye; Byongeye kandi, barashobora kandi gushukwa hejuru yimpande za latex kugirango bakore urwego rwo guhinga, rwongera ubunini bwa latex, babyimbye kumwanya wa latex, ndumiwe kumwanya wa lawasi, kandi byongera urusyo yicyiciro cyimbere cya latex. Ariko, ubu bwoko bwa Thickener ifite imikorere mike yoroheje, bityo iragenda ikurwaho mugutanga ibyifuzo. Noneho ubu buringanire bukoreshwa cyane cyane muguhuza ibara rya paste, kuko uburemere bwayo bunini cyane, niko bifasha kudahatanya no kubika ibara ryamabara.

(4) Ubudodo-Bwerekejwe Bwiza:
Hariho ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwa alkali-impande zose: ibibyimba bisanzwe bya alkali-bibi-bibi-bikabije alkali-byuzuye imfungwa. Itandukaniro rinini hagati yabo ni itandukaniro muri monomer ifitanye isano ryarimo urunigi nyamukuru. Abarizo ba Alkali-Byumbazwe ba Alkali bahuye na monomers yongeweho bashobora kwanga buri munyururu munini, bityo ionition ya molekile cyangwa intera ya molekile cyangwa moleculation irashobora kubaho, bitera urujijo rwa sisitemu kuzamuka vuba.

a. Usanzwe Alkali-yuzuye impimbano:

Ubwoko bwingenzi uhagarariye ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bya Alkali-Brickener Cyijimye ni ASE-60. ASE-60 ASPOPTS ASPOLYMERIPATION YA KANZE ACID na Etyl Acrylate. Mugihe cya copolymeritation, methacryctic ocid acide kumwanya wa 1/3 cyibirimo bikomeye, kuko hariho amatsinda ya Carboxy atuma urunigi rwa molekile rufite urwego runaka rwa hydrophile, kandi rutandura inzira nyabagendwa. Kubera kwanga ibirego, iminyururu iragukara, yongera vicosi ya sisitemu kandi itanga ingaruka mbi. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe uburemere bwa molekile ni bunini cyane bitewe nigikorwa cyumukozi uhuza. Mugihe cyo kwagura urunigi rwa molekile, urunigi rwa molekile ntabwo rwatatatatana mugihe gito. Mugihe kirekire cyo kubikamo, urunigi rwa molekile rurambuye buhoro buhoro, izana nyuma yo kwiyongera kwa viccosity. Byongeye kandi, kubera ko hari monomers nkeya munzira nyabagendwa zubu burebure, ntabwo byoroshye kubyara imibonano mpuzabitsina hagati ya molekile, cyane cyane kugirango ubudakemu bufite imikorere myiza, bityo rero ni gake ikoreshwa wenyine. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane hamwe nabandi babyimbye.

b. Ishyirahamwe (Combor) Ubwoko bwa Alkali kubyimba cyane:

Ubu bwoko bwa Thickener ubu bufite ubwoko bwinshi kubera guhitamo monomekoma hamwe nuburyo bwimiterere ya molekale. Imiterere nyamukuru yacyo nayo igizwe na Acide Methacrych na Etyl Acrylate, hamwe na monomer ifitanye isano bameze nka antenee mumiterere, ariko gusa isaranganya rito. Nibintu byigihe gito nkimantaro zikinisha zikinira uruhare runini muguhuza neza. Itsinda rya Carboxyl muburyo butabogamye kandi bufite iminyururu, kandi urunigi rwa molekile narwo rumeze nka alkali-yuzuye umugozi. Gutwara amafaranga kimwe bibaho, kugirango urunigi rwa molekile ruruta. The associative monomer in it also expands with the molecular chain, but its structure contains both hydrophilic chains and hydrophobic chains, so a large micellar structure similar to surfactants will be generated in the molecule or between molecules. Iyi miseli iterwa no kwamamaza ishyirahamwe, kandi ishyirahamwe rimwe na rimwe Monomer Adsorb mugenzi wawe binyuze mu ngaruka za emulsion (cyangwa ibindi bice). Nyuma ya miryango imaze kubyara, bakosora ibice bya elulsion, ibice bya molekile cyangwa ibindi bice muri sisitemu muburyo bugereranije, kugirango kugenda kwa molekire ugereranije, kugirango urujya n'uruza rw'ibice. Kubwibyo, imikorere yubunini bwubu bwoko bwa Thickener, cyane cyane irangi ryinshi hamwe nibirimo byisumbuye, birenze kure cyane ya alkali-yuzuye ibibyimba bya alkali, bityo birakoreshwa cyane mumarangi ya latex. Uhagarariye ibicuruzwa nyamukuru ubwoko ni TT-935.

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Mubisanzwe, abarimbyi bafite uburemere bunini cyane (nka acide ya selile na acryclic), kandi iminyururu yabo irambuye kugirango yongere ikibazo cya sisitemu. Uburemere bwa Molecular ya Polyurethane (cyangwa PolyEther) ni mato cyane, kandi ahanini ni ishyirahamwe rinyuze mu mikoranire ya van der waalique iri hagati ya molekile, ariko ingufu zishingiye ku mbaraga za lipophilique hagati ya molekile, kandi ishyirahamwe rishobora gukorwa munsi yimbaraga zimwe zo hanze. Gutandukana, bityo bigabanya ubukuru, bifasha kurwego rwa film yo gutwikira, bityo irashobora kugira uruhare mu bakozi bashinzwe. Iyo imbaraga zo gusiganwa zivanyweho, irashobora gukomeza vuba kwishyira hamwe, kandi viscosiya za sisitemu irazamuka. Iyi ngingo ni ingirakamaro kugabanya viscosiya no kongera urwego mugihe cyo kubaka; Kandi nyuma yuko imbaraga zubutaka zarazimiye, viscosity izasubira inyuma kugirango yongere ubwinshi bwa film yo kurupapuro. Mubyiciro bifatika, duhangayikishijwe cyane n'ingaruka zijimye zayo abahoze ari muri Elulsions. Ibice nyamukuru bya lalymer bigira uruhare mu ishyirahamwe rya sisitemu, kugira ngo ubu bwoko bwo kwinuba no kugereranya kandi bufite ingaruka nziza (cyangwa kunganirwa) mugihe kiri munsi yibandaho; Iyo kwibanda kuri ubwo bwoko bwo kwinuba no gushyira urwego rwibanze mugihe ari hejuru kuruta kwibanda kunegura mumazi meza, birashobora gushinga amashyirahamwe ubwayo, kandi viscozetilet irazamuka vuba. Kubwibyo, mugihe ubu bwoko bwo kwinuba no gukoresha urwego ruri munsi kuruta kwibandaho kunegura, kubera ko ibice bya latex bitabira ishyirahamwe ryigihe gito, ubunini bwa emulsion, ubunini bwa emulision, ni ubunini bwa emulision, niko kwiyongera kwa emuline, ni ubunini bwa emulision, ni ubunini bwa emulision, ni ubunini bwa emulision, ubunini bwa emulision, ni ubunini bwa emulision, ni ubunini bwa emulision, ubunini bw'amagana, akomeye Ishyirahamwe, kandi urubyiruko rwayo ruziyongera rwo kwiyongera kw'imibare ya Emulion. Byongeye kandi, abapasitanyi batandukanye (cyangwa acrylic tbikers) birimo inzego za hydrophobic, hamwe nitsinda ryamazi ryamazimbere bakorana niya Polonyethane, kugirango sisitemu ikore imiterere nini, ifasha kubyimba.

2. Ingaruka zabakunzi batandukanye kumazi yo gutandukana namabara ya latex

Mubishushanyo mbonera byamabara ashingiye ku mazi, gukoresha ibicurane ni ihuriro ryingenzi cyane, rifitanye isano nibintu byinshi byirangirwamo ya latex, nko kubaka amabara, iterambere ryamabara, kubika no kugaragara. Hano twibanze ku ngaruka zo gukoresha abahozeho mububiko bwa latex irangi. Duhereye ku ntangiriro yavuzwe haruguru, dushobora kumenya ko Bentonite na Polycarboxylates: abahozeho bikoreshwa cyane mu mari ya bimwe bidasanzwe, bitazaganirwaho hano. Tuzaganira ahanini na selile ikunze gukoreshwa, kubyimba kwa alkali, na Polyinethane (cyangwa Polyurethane) Trickeners, bonyine kandi bafitanye isano no kurwanya amazi yo gutandukana.

Nubwo kubyimba hamwe na hydroxyyethll selile yonyine birakomeye mugutandukana kw'amazi, biroroshye kubyutsa. Gukoresha rimwe kubyimba kwa alkali byiyongera nta gutandukana no kugwa ariko imvura ikomera nyuma yo kubyimba. Single use of polyurethane thickening, although water separation and post-thickening The thickening is not serious, but the precipitate produced by it is relatively hard and difficult to stir. Kandi ifata Hydroxyyerthyl Twoling Cyijimye kandi Alkali yijimye, nta nyuma yo kubyimba, nta mvura ikomera, byoroshye kubyutsa, ariko hariho n'amazi make. Ariko, iyo HydroxyAythyl selile na Polyurethane ikoreshwa mubyimbye, gutandukana kw'amazi nibyo bikomeye, ariko nta mvururu ikomeye. Alkali-yuzuye imbyimba na polyurethane hamwe, nubwo gutandukanya amazi atari gutandukana kwamazi, ariko nyuma yo kubyimba, no gusenya, hamwe nimbaraga hepfo biragoye kubyutsa. Kandi uwanyuma akoresha ingano ntoya ya friloxyth yawe hamwe na alkali kubyimba na polyurethane kugirango bibe leta imwe idafite imvura no gutandukana kwamazi. Birashobora kugaragara ko muri sisitemu yera ya Acrycion hamwe na hydrophomibity ikomeye, birakomeye cyane kubyimba icyiciro cyamazi hamwe na hydropilic hydroxiquethyl selile, ariko irashobora gukangurwa byoroshye. The single use of hydrophobic alkali swelling and polyurethane (or their compound) thickening, although the anti-water separation performance is better, but both thicken afterward, and if there is precipitation, it is called hard precipitation, which is difficult to stir evenly . Gukoresha ibigori bya selile na Polinethane byuzuye, kubera itandukaniro rya kure mubiciro bya hydrophilique na lipophilic, ibisubizo byo gutandukana cyane, ariko sediment biroroshye kandi byoroshye kubyutsa. Inzira yanyuma ifite imikorere myiza yo kurwanya amazi kubera uburinganire bwiza hagati ya hydrophilic na lipophilic. Birumvikana, muburyo bwo gushushanya ibintu, ubwoko bwamagana no gutose no gutatanya abakozi hamwe nindangagaciro za hydhilic na lipophilic nayangantego za lipophilic nazo zigomba gusuzumwa. Gusa iyo bageze kuringaniza neza sisitemu irashobora kuba muburyo bwa termodistamic esaric kandi bafite amazi meza.

Muri sisitemu yuzuye, yijimye yicyiciro cyamazi rimwe na rimwe iherekezwa no kwiyongera kwa vicosi yicyiciro cya peteroli. Urugero, muri twe muri twe twizera ko abarimbyi bahuye n'icyiciro cy'amazi, ariko selile ikwirakwizwa mu cyiciro cy'amazi