Imitungo yibanze ya selire

Abashiraho selile ni icyiciro cyimiryango ya polymer itangiza alkyl, phenolic cyangwa amino abasimbura muri molekile zisanzwe binyuze mumiti. Cellulose, nkabashoramari mwinshi kwisi, bafite imikorere myiza ya Biodegradable hamwe nibidukikije. Abahanga ba selile ni abanyarugomo bakomoka kuri selile. Bitewe no gukinisha kwabo, kubyimba no kumera neza, bikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye no kubaka, kwisiga, ibiryo nubuvuzi.

1. Imiterere n'imitungo ya elerale
Abahanga ba selile babyakozwe na molekile ya selile hamwe nabakozi bashya (nka acide ya chloroacetike, methyl chloride, nibindi) binyuze muburyo bworoshye. Ugereranije na selile karemano, selile ether molekile irimo amatsinda ya ether (-O-), ishobora guhindura imitungo yabo yumubiri na shimi.

1.1 amazi yoroheje no kukecururizwa
Abahanga ba selile batanga neza, cyane cyane mumazi na kama. Kudakemurwa kwayo bigira ingaruka ku basimbuye. Kurugero, methyl selile (mc) na hydroxyAythyl selile.

1.2 ingaruka mbi
Abahanga ba selile bafite ingaruka zikomeye mu mazi kandi akenshi zikoreshwa mubicuruzwa nkibikoresho, ibikoresho, ibikoresho, bihitiramo no kwisiga. Uburyo bwayo bukabije buterwa ahanini nimihanda yububiko bwa selile hamwe nuburyo bwa ether. By'umwihariko, Methyl selile (MC) na hydroxyPropyl selile (HPMC) irashobora guhindura neza vicosity ya sisitemu hanyuma ukore ibicuruzwa bihamye mugihe cyo gukoresha.

1.3 Ubushyuhe
Bamwe mu bakozi ba seliki, nka HydroxyPropyl Methyl Methillase (HPMC), ni ubushyuhe bworoshye kandi bugagaragaza impinduka muke, vicosity hamwe nindi mitungo ifite ubushyuhe. Iyi mitungo ituma ingirakamaro mubihe bidasanzwe, nko kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa colloide, sisitemu yo gutanga ibiyobyabwenge nibindi bice.

1.4 Igikorwa cyo hejuru
Ubwoko bumwebundi bwa bahanganye na selile, nka methyl selile (mc) na hydroxyIthyl na HydroxyAythyl Cellulose (HEC), ni ubuso bukora mu bisubizo, birashobora kugabanya imitungo yo hejuru kandi ifite imitungo myiza. Ibi bituma bakora ibikoresho byiza bya emulsions, ibibyimba na cream.

2. Ubwoko bw'ingenzi bwa bahanga muri selile
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa elegiri, kandi mubisanzwe ni ibi bikurikira:

2.1 Methyl selile (MC)
Methyl selile nigicuruzwa giterwa na chloride ya selile na methyl, kandi akenshi ikoreshwa mubyimbye, zikoreshwa cyane munganda zo kubaka, kandi zikoreshwa mu nganda zo kubaka, kandi ubuvuzi, kwisiga, kwisiga n'ibiryo.

2.2 Hydroxyyeryl selile (hec)
HydroxyAythyl selile yakozwe na selile ya selile na chloroethal. Ifite ibibazo byinshi no kubyimba kandi bikoreshwa cyane mumavuta ashingiye kumazi hamwe nibicuruzwa byita kugiti cyawe. Ugereranije na methyl selile, hydroxyAyll selile ifite ingaruka zikomeye kandi irashobora kunoza imikorere yo kubaka amazi.

2.3 hydroxypropyl methyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC)
Iyi ni ether ya selile ikoreshwa cyane mumirima yubwubatsi, amatara, ibiryo, ibiryo, nibindi bikorwa byijimye hamwe namavuta yo mu mucyo, kandi afite ingaruka nziza, ihagarikwa.

2.4 Ethyl selile (EC)
Ethyl selile ni molekile ya selile itangiza amatsinda ya ethyl muri molekile ya selile binyuze muburyo bwa rohokire kandi ifite hydrophobity ikomeye. Ifite ibyifuzo byingenzi mububiko bugenzurwa bwamashusho, amatara n'ibiyobyabwenge.

3. Gusaba imirima ya elegiteri
3.1 Inganda zubwubatsi
Gushyira mu bikorwa abahanga muri selile mu nganda bubaka bigaragarira ahanini muri sima, aho biremba urukuta na minisiteri yumye nkabariba n'inyongera mu kuzamura imikorere y'ubwubatsi. Irashobora kuzamura imikorere ya minisiteri, itinda igihe cyumisha, kunoza ibihano, kandi uzamure ibihurure.

3.2 Amavuta yo kwisiga
Gusaba abakoresha selile muri kwisiga ni nkibibi, emalifiers na stabilizers. Barashobora kuzamura imikorere yibicuruzwa, kunoza imikoreshereze ikoreshwa, kongera amavuta yuruhu, kandi utezimbere neza ibicuruzwa.

3.3 Ibiryo
Abatangagosha bakunze gukoreshwa nkabaribabi, abigabye, Emaliziers, nibindi. Irashobora kunoza uburyohe, viscozetity hamwe nimiterere yibiryo, cyane cyane muri ice cream, jelly, ibikinisho nibindi biribwa.

3.4 Umurima wa farumasi
Mu murima wa farumasi, ether elise ikoreshwa cyane kurekuwe ibiyobyabwenge, ibinini bibumbabumba no gutegura ihagarikwa. Ibyiza byayo byuzuye no kumeza birashobora kurekura ibiyobyabwenge buhoro buhoro kandi byongera ingaruka.

4. Kurinda ibidukikije no kuramba kwa selile
Ubudotu bwa selile ni ugusiga kamere ya polymer nibikorwa byiza byibidukikije. Nyuma yo gutabwa, birashobora guteshwa agaciro kugirango bigabanye umwanda mubidukikije. Muri iki gihe ni ngombwa mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije, ether ether, nk'icyatsi kibisi, bimaze kuba byongerewe mu bicuruzwa bitandukanye.

Nkibikoresho bya polymer bifite imikorere myiza, ether ether ifite umwanya wingenzi mubice byinshi nko kubaka, kwisiga, ibiryo, no mumiti, hamwe nubuvuzi bwayo nibiranga ibidukikije. Hamwe no gutera imbere kwa siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga no kwiyongera kumiti yicyatsi, umurima usaba no kwiyemeza kwisoko rya selile bizaba bigari.